2013年7月12日星期五

The dangerous of Ammonium nitrate


  Surely most people know the ammonium nitrate and its dangerous, we all know there contain   ammonium nitrate in fertilizers and explosives , Then what nature ammonium nitrate have? which dangerous it may exist? Below to learn about it!
  The chemical compound ammonium nitrate, the nitrate of ammonia with the chemical formula NH4NO3, is a white crystalline solid at room temperature and standard pressure. It is commonly used in agriculture as a high-nitrogen fertilizer, and it has also been used as an oxidizing agent in explosives, including improvised explosive devices. It is the main component of ANFO, a popular explosive, which accounts for 80% explosives used in North America. It is used in instant cold packs, as hydrating the salt is an endothermic process.
6484-52-2,Ammonium nitrate

  Heating or any ignition source may cause violent combustion or explosion.Ammonium nitrate reacts with combustible and reducing materials as it is a strong oxidant. Although it is mainly used for fertilizer it can be used for explosives. It was sometimes used to blast away earth to make farm ponds.Ammonium nitrate is also used to modify the detonation rate of other explosives, such as ammonia-based dynamites, for example nitroglycerin.
  Numerous safety guidelines are available for storing and handling ammonium nitrate.It should not be stored near combustible substances or certain fertilizers, especially urea.
  Ammonium nitrate has a critical relative humidity of 59.4%, above which it will absorb moisture from the atmosphere. Therefore, it is important to store ammonium nitrate in a tightly sealed container. Otherwise it can coalesce into a large, solid mass. Ammonium nitrate can absorb enough moisture to liquefy.
  The potential for use of the material as an explosive has prompted regulatory measures. For example in Australia, the Dangerous Goods Regulations came into effect in August 2005 to enforce licensing in dealing with such substances.Licenses are granted only to applicants (industry) with appropriate security measures in place to prevent any misuse.Additional uses such as education and research purposes may also be considered but individual use will not. Employees of those with licenses to deal with the substance are still required to be supervised by authorized personnel and are required to pass a security and national police check before a license may be granted.
  Ammonium nitrate is not an extremely hazardous chemical and is usually used in fertilizer products.The chances of direct personal exposure to the chemical are very low, because the fertilization of the soil by use of ammonium nitrate is done at early stages of plant growth and usually does not remain detectable on the harvested plants or when the plants reach the consumer.
  Ammonium nitrate has an LD50 of 2217 mg/kg,which for comparison is about two-thirds that of table salt.

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